Welcome To CT

My Left Nutmeg

A community-driven blog featuring news and commentary on local, state, and national politics.

helphaiti

Donate to CT Dems
Enable ActBlue
for CT Races
$
John Larson
(1st CD)
$
Joe Courtney
(2nd CD)
$
Rosa DeLauro
(3rd CD)
$
Jim Himes
(4th CD)
$
Chris Murphy
(5th CD)
$
Ads on My Left Nutmeg
 
 


 
Contact Info
To contact the site admin email ctblogger at ctblogger@yahoo.com

My Left Nutmeg

Outrageous Miscarriage of Justice in CT

by: Maura

Mon Jan 29, 2007 at 22:06:51 PM EST


Wow.  I don't know how we missed this story here at MLN.  This is lunacy. 

It's our own version of The Crucible here in Connecticut, only involving widespread hysteria and ignorance about Internets rather than witchcraft and set in Norwich, CT rather than Salem, MA.

Why should a substitute teacher, nearly computer illiterate, be convicted of four felonies just because she was assigned to a classroom containing a computer hopelessly infected with malware and spyware?  Since when did districts give substitute teachers training on how to stop the endless cycle of popups if such a situation occurred?  Since when should a substitute teacher (or any teacher) be held CRIMINALLY RESPONSIBLE because the bozos who were supposedly technology experts in the district failed to pay the invoice for filtering software and security updates and let kids in 2004 have access to a machine running Windows 98 and an outdated version of IE, hopelessly riddled with spyware, malware, and trojan horses because they FAILED to do basic regular maintenance on it?

Julie Amero, 40, of Norwich, has been fired as a sub for Norwich Public Schools.  Worse, though, she's a convicted felon - a Norwich jury convicted her of four counts of "injury or risk of injury to, or impairing morals of, children", each carrying a maximum sentence of 10 years.  She faces a possible 40 year incarceration at her sentencing in March.

This is insane. Computer security experts, techie bloggers around the country, and even editors at PC Magazine have been up in arms about this for a week.  Lots of links to bring everyone up to speed about this outrageous local case are below the jump.

Maura :: Outrageous Miscarriage of Justice in CT
The most informative general overviews of this case that I found were Byerstein's piece at Alternet and Brian Krebs' Computer Security column at WashingtonPost.com.  Krebs got lots of vivid details directly from the accused teacher herself, really putting the whole scenario into perspective.

Typically, the Norwich Bulletin was clueless in editorializing about Amero's conviction, ostensibly calling for "reason" in sentencing, but asserting that Amero "clearly was wrong"and that "her deeds were disgusting and merit punishment".  Educational technology and computer experts from around the country descended on the Norwich Bulletin's discussion forum, blasting the paper's editor for criminal cluelessness.

The Norwich Bulletin later published an op ed by a private computer security expert which eviscerated the Norwich Bulletin's editorial and rightfully places responsibility where it belongs.  This one is a must-read. Also contrast the Bulletin editors' reflexive condemnation of Amero with PC Magazine's editorial this week on the case.

Amero's plight has made waves around the country in computer security circles -- check out this Washington Post computer security article (and great comments) as an illustrative example.

Lindsay Beyerstein Majikthise has provided amazing coverage over the last couple of weeks, with nearly daily updates.  Her op-eds on the case have been featured at AlterNet and Huffington Post.

Mike Conwell, a computer consultant from Texas who heard about the case and is outraged at what Amero has suffered has just set up the State V. Amero blog to collect information and gather supporters and experts to help Amero.

Frank Krasicki, a local blogger at the Region 19 BOE Gazette blog has provided excellent local coverage.  One Krasicki commentary really captured the small-town hysteria about this case perfectly, likening it to the always-relevant plot in Arthur Miller's The Crucible:

The Julie Amero case is yet another Crucible being played out in small town America. It represents the eternal tension between those who live in a world they cannot understand and those whose very existence adds complexity, risk, and the temptations of the unknown chance.

Her case is a threat to computers in any classroom. Computer manufacturers such as Gateway, Dell, and others should look hard at what's going on here. You see, what teacher will ever turn on a computer in class if the risk is that they can be prosecuted and jailed for life because of malware? The answer is no one.

It's difficult enough to get good people to serve as substitute teachers in our classrooms.  It's incredibly low pay for very hard work...and this case demonstrates that subs are easy scapegoats for problems caused by others.  While I've personally seen how subs are unfairly scapegoated, I've never heard of a case this outrageous and a consequence this serious.

It seems to me that, in addition to widespread ignorance and fear about the Internet, there is also a growing hysteria in our country about child pornography and sexual abuse.  This is not to suggest that child exploitation is not a real problem in our society.  It is.  But it seems to me that all the "To Catch a Predator" Dateline NBC specials, all the breathlessly reported female teacher sex scandals on cable news, and all the TV dramas focusing on sex crimes is creating a paranoia and vigilante blood lust far out of proportion to the actual risk.  Yes, there are a lot of evil, sick fucks out there, as a dear friend-blogger reminded me just this morning.  A commenter at her site pointed readers to Family Watchdog, a site where I spent a half hour looking up an scary clickable map of all the registered sex offenders in Stamford, with pictures, addresses, and details on ther convictions...a site which made me made me feel a brief but intense terror and fury about possible risks to my toddler nephew.  We're absolutely deluged with sensational stories, both true and fictionalized, about sexually victimized kids.

But even if Amero was truly guilty of what they accused her of in this case, and I think the facts from computer forensics experts make clear that she is not, we're still only talking about a few 7th graders briefly seeing a few dirty photos, right?  (I seem to remember kids in my neighborhood passing around Playboys back in the 70's and 80's.  If I caught a quick glimpse of a handful of naked pics back then...and I plead the 5th on that...it hardly scarred me or any other middle schooler for life. ) Isn't a potential forty year sentence insanely out of proportion to any such "crime"?  Have we lost all sense of proportion?  And could that kind of overreaction from freaked out parents and overzealous prosecutors in Norwich be related to the oversaturation of "shocking" child sex stories all over television news and drama programs nowadays?  I don't know but I'd be curius to know your ideas.

What can be done now to help Julie Amero?  She's already been convicted.  Seems to me that we can help in a few ways:

  • Raise public awareness about the case through cross-posts to other blogs, LTE's, and emails
  • Build growing pressure for the judge to give a  very light sentence as an interim measure
  • Put pressure on school district leaders to tell the truth and accept responsibility for their failure to update internet filtering and security software
  • Seek a pardon from Governor Rell...woops.  Apparently a Governor's pardon is not a option here in CT!
  • Help raise money and gather experts willing to work on aggressive appeals of her convictions. Appeal, appeal, appeal, and get that defense evidence admitted!

Any other ideas?  Other good links on the case?

(h/t to greenpeas, who emailed me tonight about the case and set me off on hours of growing incredulity and outrage as I read up on the case)
 

Tags: , (All Tags)
Print Friendly View Send As Email
Shouldn't she appeal? (0.00 / 0)
With a real lawyer?

Thanks for the links, I'll bone up.


I certainly think so... (0.00 / 0)
...the judge did not allow the defense to present the vast majority of their computer expert's evidence.

Herb Horner, the defense expert, wrote about his experience on the case at Network Performance Daily, calling it "one of the most frustrating experiences of my career, knowing full well that the person is innocent and not being allowed to provide logical proof".  He further says:

If there is an appeal and the defense is allowed to show the entire results of the forensic examination in front of experienced computer people, including a computer literate judge and prosecutor, Julie Amero will walk out the court room as a free person.

If you read the commenters from around the country at the WapPo chat and in the Norwich Bulletin forums, you'll find dozens of computer security and educational technology experts who have offered to testify in Amero's defense in the case of an appeal.


[ Parent ]
I f*cked up (0.00 / 0)
I knew about this and didn't follow-up on it.

I have video of people talking about how f*cked up the trial was and everything...



[ Parent ]
Oooh, video? (0.00 / 0)
Do you still have it?  That would be great.  This has been big talk in techie blogging circles, but we've got to amplify it more on political blogs.

[ Parent ]
Trying to find it now... (0.00 / 0)
Give me a sec...

[ Parent ]
Julie Amero - Appeal (0.00 / 0)
Is there a defense fund to ensure that an appeal can be undertaken?

[ Parent ]
UPDATE: On pardons...or little possibility thereof (0.00 / 0)
Brian Boyko of Network Performance Daily has covered this case intensively, and he did some research back on the 19th about the possibility of a pardon from Gov. Rell for Julie Amero.  He writes:

The first thing we did was address demands that surfaced on a few Web boards. The question was, why not ask the Connecticut Governor for a pardon?

To find out, we called up the Connecticut Governor's office, who informed us that unlike many states and unlike the Federal government, the power to pardon does not lie in the hands of the Governor of Connecticut. That authority rests with the Board of Pardons and Paroles. When we called the Board of Pardons and Paroles we learned that a pardon will not be considered until Ms. Amero has exhausted her appeals. A pardon is neither the most optimal nor most expedient solution to rectifying Ms. Amero's situation, if indeed an injustice has been done.

So it looks like she needs to wait for the sentencing, then file immediate appeal.  I hope she can find the best counsel out there....


Thumbing through the links.. (0.00 / 0)
It does appear that she had good representation, but that the judge in this case might have botched it.  I think its obvious that she could beat this with a better trial.  Is there something we're missing out on? 

But I'm not through yet with the coverage.  Has anyone here got a feel for this Amero person?  Any word from her?

Is there any action Amero did take besides turning one student's head?  I guess she didn't know you could power off the screen and she was told not to power down the computer.  Did she call anyone?  Was this a bolted down unit?  Could she have covered the screen with a sweater?  Any court transcripts available?


Ha! I'm a loser. (0.00 / 0)
Finally got to Krebs.  Answers!!!!

[ Parent ]
She's got reality on her side. (0.00 / 0)
As a parent, she may not have done enough to deal with the situation.  But that's not the law.  I do believe her intent does not line up with charges.  From what I'm reading, she did not intend to expose the kids and it ends there.

Plus, anyone who doesn't know that a history and cookie files contains a lot of non-clicked non-navigated-to info should be fired.  The network admins, fired, the other teachers who say it happens all the time, fired. 

I can't think of another object a person could bring into a classroom that is as unpredictable as a wide open internet enabled computer. 


[ Parent ]
BRAND THIS ON YOUR FOREHEAD (0.00 / 0)
I can't think of another object a person could bring into a classroom that is as unpredictable as a wide open internet enabled computer.

The commenter who said that is a computer technie kind of guy.  He knows of what he speaks.


[ Parent ]
uh, the bad woman gets 40 years for not putting a "coat" over it (0.00 / 0)
But let's de-techify this for a minute.  (Hey, it's early morning and I'm looking forward to a good self righteous huff. Nothing personal Drowsky - scuse me, a rant's comin' on).

Let's suppose that a sewer pipe broke while she was on bathroom monitor duty. Would she be taken to court to find out why she didn't pick up the mop in the bathroom?  Would she be given 40 years for not convincing the maintenance people to come right away?

What if she opened the window because the room was hot and a bee flew in and stung a kid. Would she be sentenced with second degree murder if he had an allergic reaction and she ran to get the school nurse (if there was one) or call 911 instead of not realizing she should make sure he didn't need something done to keep open an airway?

I mean, imho there's way too much focus on her and what a perfect person would do. People and technology have weird relationships.  Her focus was on "technology gone wild".  The second she walked out of that room, the coat, sweater, or chastity belt would have been removed from that computer instantly by the curious kids in the room.

Why was she in this situation to begin with?  And has anyone interviewed the kids to see if any actual damage was done, or is it presumed they wake up screaming?


[ Parent ]
that felt better, but I still want to know more (0.00 / 0)
I am bothered that e.g. the teachers' union is not coming out on her side, or any sane local parents.  Or did I miss those stories?  I haven't read them all, maybe so.  Snorwich and Noankdem, do you have any local input (or anyone else from Norwich?)  What do the kids say?

Even if we took the case that this woman is guilty of leaving the screen uncovered, and that's a crime, I think the extent to which the sentence outweighs the crime could be demonstrated by surfing for the numbers of years to which others are sentenced for far more serious crimes.

Here's a famous case for comparison.


[ Parent ]
There is a lot more to this (0.00 / 0)
I followed the case with more or less one eye.  I have unfortunately become numb to the seemingly unending parade of predatory teachers and other "high impact" stories they are trying to shove down our throats.  I know that the MSM tends to emphasize these cases and it is not as bad as they make it out to be. 

I have pretty much sworn off the local news because it has become a really bad joke, particularly WFSB-3.  I tend to watch WTNH-8, but more or less peruse the news with my ears.  The same goes for the Norwich Bulletin, which I have long called the Norwich Fishwrapper, because that is all it is good for.  I only scan the headlines online because I refuse to spend the 50 cents for it because it is so bad.  The benefit to me is after two days I have saved a whole dollar and I can purchase my Powerball ticket with my savings!

I really haven't been out and about to hear what the locals are saying, but after reading the commentary from computer experts, I am still not surprised at the outcome.  One thing that I did learn because of this diary is that Ms. Amero was pregnant and it doesn't really make sense that she would be checking out porn, especially with a room full of kids.

I know this much, when I was subbing at Norwich Free Academy, I was not given any login or password to access their network, nor did I even think to inquire about getting one; I am just a mere sub, here one day and gone the next.  Was she given an assigned login and password?  The more I read about this case, the less I know.


[ Parent ]
okay, snorwich, you're on local news detail! (0.00 / 0)
HOw's about a trip to the local diner or a call by noankdem to the local PTA?  YOu know we're gonna lean on your sometime -- mmm, hows bout today? ; )

Inquiring minds want to  know why people in Texas are extremely upset, and it's take THEIR upset to get folks in CT on the case.

What are we missing here?


[ Parent ]
She wasn't given a password (0.00 / 0)
She was told specifically that she was NOT to shut off the computer because the teacher who she was subbing for had logged in and shutting off the computer would mean no one else could log in.

She's a sub; she did what she was told.  She was also a total computer novice.

I spent two years as a technology trainer for teachers, and I can tell you that many teachers are shockingly uncomfortable with technology.  That's changing now as districts adopt standards for technology training for teachers and as our teaching force generally gets younger. 

But I can easily imagine a person who is not computer savvy getting completely flustered and panicking when she got caught in an endless pop-up loop.  She kept trying to click the red "x"'s, which anyone who is experienced knows will just spawn more popup windows.  And I met PLENTY of teachers who didn't know the difference between the monitor off switch and the power off switch for the CPU.  This was not HER computer; she was just a sub.

Besides that, she asked other teachers for help.  She ran to the teachers lounge.  They told her it was no big deal.  She asked for an administrator to come to her room and no one came.  She told the assistant principal at the end of the day and he said it was no big deal.

I think you're absolutely right that this is related to the parade of sensational stories about predatory teachers, especially the stories about the women teachers who supposedly prey on middle school students.  We're talking about a handful of women in the entire nation of over a million teachers, yet coverage makes it sound like kids all over are at risk of getting fondled when they hand in their homework.  It's crazy.


[ Parent ]
Courant column (4.00 / 1)
Courant columnist Rick Green on the topic:

To believe that Julie Amero deserves to go to jail for exposing her students to pornography takes some work.

You have to accept that a pregnant substitute teacher decided that the right moment to start surfing porn was the Tuesday morning in 2004 when she sat before a classroom of seventh-graders at Kelly Middle School in Norwich.

You have to believe a police officer with relatively little computer detective training instead of programming experts around the world.

You must also believe that the Internet security of the Norwich schools could be penetrated by a part-time teacher described as computer illiterate.

No, this borders on the unbelievable, including the performance of her lawyer during a two-day trial earlier this month.



Hat Tip to Connecticut Blue (0.00 / 0)
You're the man, CTBlue. Your blog is how I found out about this case.

For me, the technological echoes of this case remind me both of the Lieberman accusations of website hacking, the Krayeske case and the questions about selection of and vetting of the "database of dangerous people" (some who are, some not so much). 

It's not enough to get a "computer geek" to testify -- do lawyers have a means of vetting who they get asexperts to look at a case?  Do they understand how to uncover evidence that's meaningful?  Do citizens accused understand how to find a lawyer who will not glaze at the technical aspects of a case? And is there any special qualification or background lawyers need to hear such cases?

And what about the jury?  How in heck do juries understand highly technical cases like this (highly technical means I could not explain it -- if it's low tech, forgive me but I make my own point by example).

How do other nations deal with this?  Do we need a special court, a special set of guidelines or protocols, a particular legal specialty to which lawyers refer people in her situation?  It is EXACTLY like a witch hunt because both the accused and the accuser don't really understand the witchcraft that is computer and information technology.

It would appear that Julie Amero's case is a huge red flag about attending to the impact of high tech on our legal system.


I meant to say judges (0.00 / 0)
And is there any special qualification or background lawyers MAKE THAT JUDGES need to hear such cases?

[ Parent ]
Many Questions, Greenpeas (4.00 / 1)
This is certainly a miscarriage of justice and completely rant-worthy by anyone's standards.  Glad to see you on the case.

Typically, on issues like this, judges will admit expert testimony to help both the judge and the jurors to understand the facts of the case.  I haven't seen the trial transcript but, from reading several articles, it appears to me that the judge did permit expert testimony but refused to allow the jury to see a live reenactment of what would have happened to the teacher's computer.  This reenactment would have been based on an exact copy of the computer's hard drive, as it existed on the date of the alleged crime, and would have been extremely enlightening.

I don't know the basis for the Court's refusal to allow this testimony, so I can't tell whether or not the judge is likely to be reversed on appeal.  However, in my opinion, this matter never should have reached either a judge or a jury.  I'm at a loss to understand why charges were filed in the first place.


[ Parent ]
That is kinda wacky though. (0.00 / 0)
Going live with the actual state of the cloned machine is clever, but too much info for that crowd and therefore not really helpful.  Not to mention, it sounds like the guy was going to unleash some pr0n on them if it was a re-enact.

A simpler case of meta-refresh redirects (look ma, no hands!) and a review of the history list for the browser should have been enough to shoot down the prosecution's story about volition and visited links.

That said, I don't know what kind of comms went among the expert, and the lawyers.  And it sounds like this expert did a lot of excellent work that hopefully can be introduced in a more careful appeal.


[ Parent ]
This may be the crux of the matter (0.00 / 0)
However, in my opinion, this matter never should have reached either a judge or a jury.  I'm at a loss to understand why charges were filed in the first place.

I suspect that a heck of a lot of the story resides in examining this carefully.  The boring, dry cornflakes details of how this school runs its computers, what the funding situation is, the influence of parents on the school and relationships between parents and administrators/school board -- that kind of info probably unravels why they didn't just make a policy to not use computers when subs were in the school, or to instantly upgrade their protective software, or something delimited, sane, and directly related to the problem.

It is this harsh overlay of hypermoralistic, punitive actions taken in the face of something that could have happened at home to somebody -- and probably has (Call the child protective services)-- that is so striking. 

If this action or lack thereof is a crime is worth 40 years,  then I would hope the righteous citizens of Norwich make sure that Norwich Public Schools' policies and protocols are not criminally derelict -- e.g. in not spelling out exactly what to do and how to do it, in making tech support available on call and panic buttons available in each and every classroom, and notifying each teacher that failure to comply will lead to prosecution and perhaps jail time.  If their own policies are lax in the face of this heinous crime, then one side or the other is out of step.  I for one think someone should investigate to make sure the school's policies reflect the seriousness they think this matter requires, and compare them to other more and less serious policies for consistency.

If there isn't any?  Well, clearly parents should be suing the school district for their callous, irresponsible attitudes and criminally negligent tech support and administrative laxity.

Hmm, guess you can guess what I think such research would reveal.


[ Parent ]
This case terrifies me (0.00 / 0)
What on earth are we coming too?  My guess is that this woman doesn't have all that much money - and would need to find a high powered attorney to do this pro bono.  Is the ACLU getting involved?  This is insane.

'Capturing the Friedmans' comes to mind (0.00 / 0)
[ Parent ]
Appellate process? (0.00 / 0)
There are many many folks out there who will blow the prosecution out of the water on the resonable doubt angle should this get an appeal.

HOW CAN SHE APPEAL?  I read that it is not automatic, there needs to be grounds! 

Does a person have to trash the judge to make this happen, or can the technical evidence be enough to compel an appeal?

GP, I also thought about the union and the lack of support, but are subs covered by the union?


probably not covered; but it could happen to anyone (0.00 / 0)
The situation is so severe that to me it seems a technicality that she's a sub.  It could happen to anyone, or something similar could.

I am very sympathetic to parents' desires to create and ensure an environment for their kids that is wholesome and supports healthy development.  Having said that, I am considering the ways in which that laudable desire can be manipulated to create cover for some very ill advised, intolerant acts.  I am wondering if Norwich wanted this case pursued out of fear that they would be sued, as some have suggested.  If so, then maybe we need to recover some balance in the dialogue about how to raise healthy kids.

Of course we expect our teachers not to purposely bring porn into a classroom.  But can we expect our teachers to teach kindness, tolerance, and fairness by example if they have to live in fear of harsh,  judgmental, punitive and unfair treatment that is way out of proportion to the situation that has been described in the news outlets linked (or those I've read so far)? 

Just as showing obscene sexually explicit materials has limited learning value for kids (the first time you see it is a learning experience about the real world), there is also a learning value, and not a positive one, in showing kids that they live in a society wehre mistakes are dealt with harshly and out of proportion with their severity, or that justice doesn't really exist.  Is justice miscarried obscene?  I tend to find it so.

Our kids are watching this trial, we can be sure.  I hope that  those who have influence in the administration of justice keep that in mind. 

I know that from time to time we have visitors and commenters who have not yet graduated from high school.  I would most welcome their perspectives and comments on this matter. I think this is a story where providing your perspective would be  truly a public service and an education to adults who wish to be protective of you.

Do you feel protected by this outcome?  Are there other areas where you think more attention should be focused?  Are we misunderstanding the experience  by forgetting what it's like to be your age?

I hope you'll join in the discussion, young lurkers, wherever you are (and feel free to bring your friends, too!).


[ Parent ]
BOE blog notes Griswold School porn incidents - no jail time (4.00 / 1)
What I discovered was more than a little troubling. In June and July of 2004, before Julie's experience, the Griswold Middle School had an infestation of pornography that caused local authorities to seize a computer and hard drives. A student printed a nude image to take home in their backpack! Funny how no prosecution took place in those cases.

It is inexcusable that no action was taken to upgrade the protective software at that time (they had the summer to do it). And it explains why nobody thought much of Amero's experience at the time, essentially telling her "not to worry about it."

Source:  region 19 boe gazette; scroll for story.


We're Not Alone (4.00 / 2)
FWIW, the very popular science blog Pharyngula has taken notice of this story. I posted a link to this diary in the comments thread there.

 
2 user(s) logged on.
Menu

Make a New Account

Username:

Password:



Forget your username or password?


Spotlight

Use the Spotlight tool to send a diary to offline journalists, with your feedback or suggestions.
(What is Spotlight?)


Search


   Advanced
My Left Nutmeg Feeds

Links


Connecticut's War Dead

Blogroll
Powered By
- SoapBlox

Connecticut Blogs
- Capitol Watch
- Colin McEnroe
- Connecticut2.com
- Connecticut Bob
- ConnecticutBlog
- CT Blue Blog
- CT Energy Blog
- CT Local Politics
- CT News Junkie
- CT Smart Growth
- CT Voices for Civil Justice
- CT Voters Count
- CT Weblogs
- CT Working Families Party
- CT Young Dems
- Cool Justice Report
- Democracy for CT
- Drinking Liberally (New Milford)
- East Haven Politics
- Emboldened
- Hat City Blog (Danbury)
- The Laurel
- LieberWatch
- NB Politicus (New Britain)
- New Haven Independent
- Nutmeg Grater
- Only In Bridgeport
- Political Capitol (Brian Lockhart)
- A Public Defender
- Rep. David McCluskey
- Rep. Tim O'Brien
- State Sen. Gary Lebeau
- Saramerica
- Stamford Talk
- Spazeboy
- The 40 Year Plan
- The Trough (Ted Mann: New London Day)
- Undercurrents (Hartford IMC)
- Wesleying
- Yale Democrats

CT Sites
- Clean Up CT
- CT Citizen Action Group
- CT Democratic Party
- CT For Lieberman Party
- CT General Assembly
- CT Secretary of State
- CT-N (Connecticut Network)
- Healthcare4every1.org
- Judith Blei Government Relations
- Love Makes A Family CT

CT Candidates
- Chris Murphy for Senate
- Susan Bysiewicz for Senate

- William Tong for Senate


Other State Blogs
- Alabama
- Arizona
- California
- Colorado
- Delaware
- Florida
- Georgia
- Idaho
- Illinois
- Indiana
- Iowa
- Kentucky
- Louisiana
- Maine
- Maryland
- Massachusetts
- Michigan
- Minnesota
- Missouri
- Missouri
- Montana
- Nebraska
- Nevada
- New Hampshire
- New Jersey
- New Mexico
- New York
- New York
- North Carolina
- Ohio
- Ohio
- Oklahoma
- Oregon
- Pennsylvania
- Rhode Island
- South Dakota
- Tennessee
- Texas
- Texas
- Utah
- Vermont
- Virginia
- Washington
- West Virginia
- Wisconsin



More blogs about connecticut+politics.
Technorati Blog Finder


 
Powered By
MLN is powered by SoapBlox
 
Powered by: SoapBlox